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目的分析哈尔滨市南岗区围产儿死亡原因,查找导致死亡的危险因素,为制定有效的防控策略和干预措施提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学和分析流行病学方法对围产儿死亡监测数据进行分析。结果南岗区围产儿死因构成前三位分别是出生缺陷(29.33%)、早产低体重(22.67%)和脐带因素(17.33%),产母合并症和新生儿窒息也是导致围产儿死亡的主要因素。早产(孕周<37周)和低体重(出生体重<2500g)是导致围产儿死亡的危险因素,结果具有统计意义。结论南岗区围产儿死亡率略高于发达国家和国内一线城市,但远低于发展中国家。政府应加强环保意识,降低出生缺陷儿比例。产妇应更加关注孕期保健,避免出现早产低体重新生儿。
Objective To analyze the causes of perinatal death in Nangang District of Harbin and find out the risk factors leading to death, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies and interventions. Methods Epidemiological and analytical epidemiological methods were used to analyze perinatal death monitoring data. Results The first three causes of perinatal death in Nangang District were birth defect (29.33%), premature birth with low body weight (22.67%) and umbilical cord factor (17.33%). Maternal complications and neonatal asphyxia were also the major causes of perinatal death . Preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) and low birth weight (birth weight <2500 g) were risk factors for perinatal death and the results were statistically significant. Conclusion The mortality rate of perinatal infant in Nangang District is slightly higher than that in developed countries and first-tier cities in China, but it is much lower than that in developing countries. The government should strengthen environmental awareness and reduce the proportion of birth defects. Maternal pregnancy should pay more attention to avoid premature birth and low birth weight.