以有源法布里－珀罗谐振腔的增益特性为基础，研究了行波半导体光放大器的偏振特性。对行波半导体光放大器的偏振灵敏度与端面反射率、增益系数、光场限制因子等诸因素之间的关系进行了理论分析和实验研究。在此基础上，讨论了改善行波半导体光放大器偏振灵敏度的若干方法，并提出了新的偏振不灵敏行波半导体光放大器结构。 Based on the gain characteristics of the active Fabry-Perot resonator, the polarization characteristics of the traveling-wave semiconductor optical amplifier are studied. The relationship between the polarization sensitivity of traveling wave semiconductor optical amplifier and the reflectivity of end face, gain coefficient, light field limiting factor and so on is theoretically analyzed and experimentally studied. On this basis, some methods to improve the polarization sensitivity of traveling-wave semiconductor optical amplifiers are discussed, and a new polarization-insensitive traveling-wave semiconductor optical amplifier structure is proposed.