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目的了解胎儿畸形的发生率、发生系统及缺陷分布情况,探讨引起胎儿畸形的相关因素,为临床预防和治疗提供依据。方法对我院2005年8月至2007年8月因产检依靠B超检查、产前筛查及羊水穿刺进行染色体核型分析并在引产后确诊胎儿畸形的43例病例进行分析探讨。结果43例胎儿畸形治疗性引产的原因位于前5位的分别为:唇腭裂(12例,占27.9%),先天性心脏病(6例,占13.9%),四肢畸形包括并趾、并指或四肢短小等(4例,占9.3%),脑积水(3例,占6.9%),腹裂和无脑儿(各2例,各占4.6%)。结论胎儿畸形的发生与孕妇的文化程度素质、环境、孕期服药、孕妇年龄、孕期合并症、并发症及营养因素等有关。为了减少出生缺陷的发生,应以预防为主,加强孕前及产前咨询,孕早期是预防出生缺陷的关键,应加强对高危妊娠的监测和产前诊断,并应采用B超、生化等手段进行早期筛查,尽早发现异常,及时行治疗性引产,以免给家庭和社会带来负担。
Objective To understand the incidence of fetal malformations, the occurrence of system and defect distribution, explore the factors that cause fetal malformations, and provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods From August 2005 to August 2007, 43 cases of chromosomal karyotype analysis and fetal malformation diagnosed after induction of labor were analyzed by B-ultrasound, prenatal screening and amniocentesis in our hospital from August 2005 to August 2007. Results 43 cases of fetal malformation induced abortion were located in the top 5 were: cleft lip and palate (12 cases, 27.9%), congenital heart disease (6 cases, 13.9%), limb deformities, including toe, and refers to Or short limbs (4 cases, 9.3%), hydrocephalus (3 cases, 6.9%), abdominal and anencephaly children (2 cases each, 4.6% each). Conclusions The incidence of fetal malformations is related to the quality of pregnant women ’s education, environment, medication during pregnancy, pregnant women’ s age, pregnancy complications, complications and nutritional factors. In order to reduce the occurrence of birth defects, we should take the prevention as the mainstay, strengthen the prenatal and prenatal counseling, and the first trimester of pregnancy is the key to prevent birth defects. We should strengthen the monitoring and prenatal diagnosis of high-risk pregnancies and adopt the methods of B-ultrasound and biochemistry Early screening, early detection of abnormal, timely treatment of induced abortion, so as not to burden the family and society.