为探讨不同处理方法对自发性气胸复发率的影响，本文总结分析了经胸片证实的１４７例自发性气胸和４１例复发性自发性气胸的处理方法，比较了不同处理方法自发性气胸的复发率。结果显示观察、胸穿抽气、胸腔闭式引流治疗自发性气胸后有一定的复发率，但三种方法之间的复发率无显著差异（Ｐ＞００５），非手术疗法的复发率较开胸手术明显高（Ｐ＜００１），复发后再次接受非手术治疗较初发时非手术疗法的复发率明显高（Ｐ＜００５）。说明初次发作的自发性气胸可非手术治疗，再次发作以手术为佳，手术是治疗自发性气胸最彻底的方法 In order to explore the different treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax recurrence rate, this paper summarizes the analysis of 147 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax confirmed by the chest and 41 cases of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax relapse were compared rate. The results showed that there was a certain relapse rate after the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax with chest ventilation and thoracic drainage, but there was no significant difference between the three methods (P> 0.05). The recurrence rate of non-surgical therapy Which was significantly higher than that of thoracotomy (P <001). The relapse rate of non-surgical treatment after recurrence was significantly higher than that of non-surgical treatment (P <005). Description of the first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax may be non-surgical treatment, re-attack surgery is better, surgery is the most radical treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax