面对市场和人口转变所带来的新的失业问题,福利国家正在积极地改革失业保障制度以降低失业率。在西方国家福利改革中一个共同的趋势是在社会救助体系中推出“工利”(workfare)政策,主要包括强制性就业、培训和财政激励三种形式,以推动有劳动能力的被救助者再就业。以此看待香港政府在应对失业问题上的政策,本文发现三种类型的政策都以不同的形式出现,但其背后的理念却始终是将失业归咎于劳动力市场的供方,并未在需求方面过多着墨。面对来势汹汹的新一轮金融海啸,如何提出更为有效的工利政策,协助失业者重返劳动力市场是一个极具研究意义的课题。 Faced with the new unemployment problem brought about by the market and population changes, the welfare state is actively reforming the unemployment guarantee system so as to reduce the unemployment rate. A common trend in welfare reform in western countries is the introduction of a “workfare” policy in the social assistance system, which mainly includes three types of mandatory employment, training and financial incentives to facilitate the rescue of those with work ability Re-employment. From this, we can see that the Hong Kong government's policies on tackling the unemployment issue have found that all three types of policies have emerged in different forms. However, the philosophy behind it has always been to blame unemployment on the supply side of the labor market, not on the demand side Too much ink. In the face of a new round of financial tsunami, how to propose a more effective industrial and commercial policy and assist the unemployed to return to the labor market is a very significant topic.