糖尿病可以累及胃肠道使其运动和张力减低,分泌功能减弱,部分仅有功能的改变,而无临床症状。最常见的症状为呕吐、腹泻、便秘和大便失禁。糖尿病引起胃肠道症状的主要机理是植物神经病变,其它如糖尿病微血管病变所致粘膜层粘膜肌层的损害,胰岛素的不足和胰升血糖素的过高,亦可影响到胃肠道的运动、分泌和吸收功能。分述如下:糖尿病性胃病(Diabetic Gastropathy)一、临床表现和诊断糖尿病可伴有胃分泌和运动功能减低,20—30%病人可无临床症状。临床表现有(1)上腹胀满、厌食、恶心等慢性胃炎的症状。由于内脏神经功能障碍,胃酸分泌减少,胃粘膜发生萎缩的年令较正常早,慢性萎缩性胃炎的发病率可高于正常2倍,胰岛素依赖型糖尿病壁细胞抗体的检出率较高。(2)胃麻痹(Gastropa(?)e- Diabetes can affect the gastrointestinal tract to reduce exercise and tension, decreased secretion, some only functional changes, but no clinical symptoms. The most common symptoms are vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and fecal incontinence. The main mechanism of diabetes caused gastrointestinal symptoms is autonomic neuropathy, other damage caused by mucosal muscularis mucosa due to diabetic microangiopathy, insulin insufficiency and glucagon too high, can also affect the gastrointestinal motility , Secretion and absorption function. As follows: Diabetic gastropathy First, the clinical manifestations and diagnosis Diabetes may be associated with decreased gastric secretion and motor function, 20-30% of patients without clinical symptoms. Clinical manifestations are (1) abdominal fullness, anorexia, nausea and other symptoms of chronic gastritis. Due to visceral nerve dysfunction, decreased gastric acid secretion, gastric mucosal atrophy occurred earlier than normal, the incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis may be higher than normal 2 times, insulin-dependent parietal cell antibody detection rate higher. (2) Gastropa (?) E-