目的　了解中小学生伤害的流行特征及造成的社会及经济损失。方法　采用分层整群抽样的方法 ,调查深圳特区内外 2个市区 6所中小学校 2 181名学生 2 0 0 0年伤害发生情况。结果　年伤害发生率为 15 5 9% ,男生高于女生 (P <0 0 1) ,中学生高于小学生 (P <0 0 1) ,发生率随年龄增长而上升 ,高中为高发年龄段。居前三位的伤害为跌伤、交通伤、碰撞伤 ,其主要发生原因为运动、骑车及玩耍。校外或校内受伤机会远多于家中 ,分别为 4 3 5 2 % ,37 37%和 19 11%。结论　开展以学校为主体的综合干预措施对降低中小学生伤害的发生非常重要 Objective To understand the prevalence of primary and secondary school students injuries and the resulting social and economic losses. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the incidence of injuries among 2,181 students from 6 primary and secondary schools in 2 urban and rural areas of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in 2000. Results The incidence of annual injury was 15 59%. There were more boys than girls (P <0.01), middle school students were higher than those of primary school students (P <0.01), the incidence increased with age, and high school was the high incidence age group. The top three injuries were fall injuries, traffic injuries and collision injuries. The main causes were exercise, cycling and play. Out-of-school or school-based injuries were far more than those at home, with 43.52%, 37.37% and 19.11% respectively. Conclusion The implementation of a comprehensive school-based intervention is very important for reducing the incidence of primary and secondary school injuries