肺癌是目前发病和病死率最高的恶性肿瘤,其中75%～80%是非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)。随着表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EG-FR)酪氨酸激酶信号通路与非小细胞肺癌发生发展等相关研究的不断深入,EGFR酪氨酸激酶成为NSCLC治疗及研究的重要靶分子。EGFR的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase in-hibitors,TKI)药物,在NSCLC中治疗中显示出很好的抗肿瘤疗效。2004年4～5月,美国的两个研究小组分别在《新英格兰医学杂志》和《科学》上发文报道了EGFR基因突变和吉非 Lung cancer is currently the most morbid and fatal malignancy, of which 75% to 80% are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With the development of epidermal growth factor receptor (EG-FR) tyrosine kinase signaling pathway and the development of non-small cell lung cancer, EGFR tyrosine kinase has become an important target for the treatment and research of NSCLC molecular. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tyrosine kinase in-hibitors, TKI) drugs, in the treatment of NSCLC showed good anti-tumor efficacy. From April to May 2004, two research groups in the United States published articles in the New England Journal of Medicine and Science respectively on EGFR gene mutation and Ji-Fei