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离子传感器的检测对象主要是在水中痕量存在的、但对人体健康或生态环境有重大影响的离子。石墨烯独特的热学、电学与机械性质使得其在离子传感领域受到广泛的关注。目前,人们通过对石墨烯进行修饰和功能化,得到了石墨烯的诸多衍生物和相关的复合材料,满足了不同条件下的传感要求。本文主要选取了石墨烯及其衍生物在Hg~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、K~+等传感中的应用进行了简要介绍,对这些石墨烯及其衍生物基离子传感器的传感机理进行了概括性说明,并对石墨烯及其衍生物基离子传感器的发展趋势进行了展望。
Ion sensors detect the main objects in the water trace, but have a significant impact on human health or the environment of ions. The unique thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of graphene make it a widespread concern in the field of ion sensing. At present, many graphene derivatives and related composites have been obtained through the modification and functionalization of graphene to meet the sensing requirements under different conditions. In this paper, we mainly introduce the application of graphene and its derivatives in the sensing of Hg ~ (2 +), Pb ~ (2 +), Cu ~ (2 +), K ~ + and so on. And its derivatives based on the sensing mechanism of ion sensors are summarized, and the development trend of graphene and its derivatives based ion sensors are prospected.