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目的分析2013-2015年灵川县手足口病流行病学特征,为我县制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析2013-2015年灵川县手足口病的性别、年龄和时间分布情况。结果 2013-2015年灵川县累计报告HFMD病例6 960例,其中包括107例重症病例和1例死亡病例,年均发病率为640.53/10万。2013-2015年各年度发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.051,P<0.01),各年度报告发病率依次为686.29/10万、596.1210万、639.58/10万。发病高峰集中在4~6月,占全年总数的44.58%,其余月份呈低水平散发。男性年均发病率显著高于女性,发病年龄分布以<5岁组为主,其构成比达94.70%。结论 2013-2015年灵川县手足口病疫情虽有下降,但仍维持在较高水平。其发病具有明显的季节分布、性别和年龄分布,我县应根据手足口病的流行特征和规律,做好重点人群、重点时间和重点环节的防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Lingchuan County from 2013 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures in this county. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the gender, age and time distribution of HFMD in Lingchuan County from 2013 to 2015. Results A total of 6 960 HFMD cases were reported in Lingchuan County during 2013-2015, including 107 severe cases and 1 death. The annual average incidence was 640.53 / 100000. The incidence of each year between 2013 and 2015 was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 23.051, P <0.01). The annual incidence rates were 686.29 / 100000, 596.1210, 639.58 / 100000. The peak incidence concentrated in April to June, accounting for 44.58% of the total number of the year, the remaining months showed a low level of emission. The average annual incidence rate of males was significantly higher than that of females. The age distribution of onset was mainly in the group of <5 years old, with a ratio of 94.70%. Conclusion Although the epidemic situation of HFMD in Lingchuan County decreased from 2013 to 2015, it remained at a relatively high level. Its incidence has a clear seasonal distribution, gender and age distribution, county should be based on the epidemic characteristics and laws of HFMD, do a good job of key population, key time and key aspects of prevention and control work.