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目的：为经鼻内窥镜蝶窦鞍区手术提供解剖学参数和临床经验。方法：在２０个尸头标本上观测蝶窦及周围重要解剖结构。结果：７７．５％的蝶窦口内窥镜直接窥见，窦口距离蝶窦顶壁、外壁、蝶腭动脉孔、鞍前壁、鼻中隔后端分别为 ８． ６±３． １ｍｍ、９． ２±１． ８ ｍｍ、 １１． １±１． ６ ｍｍ、 １４． ７±３． ６ ｍｍ、３． ６±０． ５ｍｍ，距离鼻小柱根部前缘 ６１．６ ± ３．７ ｍｍ，与鼻底夹角 ３１．８° ± ５． ２°。视神经管和颈内动脉在蝶窦外侧上隆起率分别为２５％和７２．５％。６９％蝶窦中隔非正中位。海绵窦前、下、后间窦出现率分别是８０％、５５％、３５％。结论：进行内窥镜蝶窦鞍区手术时注意蝶窦口、蝶窦外侧壁和蝶鞍底壁与周围结构关系，避免损伤重要血管神经。
Objective: To provide anatomical parameters and clinical experience for transsphenoidal sinus surgery. Methods: The sphenoid sinus and its surrounding anatomic structures were observed on 20 cadaver specimens. Results: 77.5% of the sphenoid sinus endoscopes were directly observed, and the ostium was 8 from the apical wall, the outer wall of the sphenoid sinus, the sphenopalatine artery orifice, the anterior saddle wall and the posterior end of the nasal septum. 6 ± 3. 1mm, 9. 2 ± 1. 8 mm, 11. 1 ± 1. 6 mm, 14. 7 ± 3. 6 mm, 3. 6 ± 0. 5mm, 61.6 ± 3.7 mm from the front of the columella, and 31.8 ° ± 5 from the bottom of the nose. 2 °. The elevation of the optic canal and internal carotid artery on the lateral sphenoid sinus was 25% and 72.5%, respectively. 69% Sphenoid septum not median. The incidence of cavernous sinus anterior, inferior and posterior sinus was 80%, 55%, 35% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: During the operation of the endoscopic sphenoid sinus sellar region, attention should be paid to the relationship between the sphenoid sinus ostium, the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus and the posterior wall of the sella and the surrounding structures to avoid damaging important vascular nerves.