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(Ⅰ)仪器的分类普通化学实验仪器,在一般学校裏所常用的,大致分为以下几类:(1)玻璃仪器、(2)瓷器、(3)铁器、(4)木器、(5)杂项。 (Ⅱ)玻璃仪器 (1)玻璃仪器的优点: 在化学实验当中,所以经常採用玻璃仪器,而不大用铜器或铁器的道理,就是因为玻璃是透明的,如果在加热蒸发某种溶液的时候,很容易看出裏面溶液的多寡和颜色;同时因为玻璃不为一般药品所能侵蚀,也就是它的抗酸性很强,所以在化学实验时,常常用它。 (2)玻璃的种类: 常用的玻璃,分软质、硬质两种。软质玻璃含有钠钙成分较多,所以又叫钠钙玻璃。硬质玻璃含有二氧化矽的成分较多,而且还含有氧化硼。因为
(I) Classification of instruments General chemical experimental instruments, commonly used in ordinary schools, are roughly classified into the following categories: (1) glassware, (2) porcelain, (3) ironware, (4) woodware, (5) Miscellaneous. (II) Glass Instruments (1) Advantages of Glass Instruments: In chemical experiments, glass instruments are often used instead of bronze or iron. This is because the glass is transparent if it evaporates a certain solution. At the same time, it is easy to see the quantity and color of the solution inside; at the same time, because glass cannot be eroded by general drugs, that is, its strong acid resistance, it is often used in chemical experiments. (2) Types of glass: Commonly used glass, divided into two types, soft and hard. Soft glass contains soda lime, so it is also called soda-lime glass. Hard glass contains many components of ceria and also contains boron oxide. because