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买卖契约有效成立,买卖标的物之所有权何时移转?买卖契约无效或被撤销,买卖标的物所有权之移转是否受影响?这是物权法上的基本问题。1980年4月1日订立于奥地利维也纳的《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》,对此问题,原则上不采取立场,而由各国自行决定。但欧洲民法呼之欲出,这个问题再度成为讨论的焦点。我国台湾地区学者通说,认为台湾地区是继受德国的物权行为无因性原则。本文从法史学与法律比较学的观点,分析比较欧陆各国的民法,发现我国台湾地区“民法”第758条、第761条第1项前段之规定与《瑞士民法》第656条第1项、第714条第1项之规定较接近,而与《德国民法》第873条第1项、第929条之规定较不同。换言之,在立法层面,我国台湾地区“民法”与《瑞士民法》较接近;但我国台湾地区学者通说倾向采用德国的物权行为无因性原则,可谓为“学说继受”。本文分析比较各国的民法,发现德国的物权行为无因性原则最符合买受人与出卖人订立买卖契约的真意,而且较能保护交易安全,优点最多,故建议台湾地区“民法”修改改采德国的物权行为无因性原则。
When the sale and purchase contract is effectively established, the ownership of the subject matter of the bid and the sale of the object will be transferred. Is the contract of sale and purchase invalid or revoked, and whether the transfer of the ownership of the bid and deal items is affected? This is a basic issue in the Property Law. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods concluded at Vienna, Austria, on 1 April 1980, in principle, takes no position and is at the discretion of States. However, the European civil law is almost certain to emerge. This issue has once again become the focus of discussion. The scholars in Taiwan in China say that Taiwan is a non-factoring principle that follows Germany's property rights. This article analyzes and compares civil law in European countries from the point of view of law history and law, and finds that the provisions in the first paragraph of Article 758, Article 761, Paragraph 1 of Taiwan's civil law are consistent with Article 656 of the Swiss Civil Code, , The provisions of article 714, paragraph 1, are closer to those of article 873, paragraph 1, and article 929 of the German Civil Code. In other words, at the legislative level, the “civil law” in Taiwan is closer to the “Swiss civil law” in Taiwan. However, scholars in Taiwan in China say that they tend to adopt the principle of non-causation of the real right in Germany and can be described as " . This article analyzes and compares civil law in different countries and finds that the principle of non-cause in Germany's real right acts is the most suitable for the buyer and the seller to conclude a contract of sale and purchase and is more capable of protecting transaction security with the most advantages. Therefore, Amending the principle of non-cause in the reform of real rights in Germany.