导言在近30年里,西方工业国家的国有部门无论在规模上还是在意义上都大为加强。然而,国家活动的拓展会极大地影响一个国家的福利,这个问题已逐渐为人们所认识,并为社会科学界所关注。人们一再要求更好地控制或限制国家活动。但是在提示对策问题之前,还须更好地把握导致和左右国家活动的社会过程。目前对此已提出有一系列的理论和假设。 Introduction In the past 30 years, the state-owned sector in western industrialized countries has greatly strengthened both in scope and in meaning. However, the expansion of state activities will greatly affect the welfare of a country. This issue has gradually become known to the public and has drawn the attention of the social science community. Repeated calls for better control or restriction of national activities. However, before suggesting solutions to the problem, we must also better understand the social processes that lead to and control the activities of our country. At present, a series of theories and assumptions have been put forward.