本文从教学观念及儿童、少年身心发展的特点和规律出发，从理论角度论述了在体育教学中培养学生自学自练能力的科学依据及其重要性和紧迫性，并就当前环境下贯彻这一原则所面临的问题提出了自己的建议。 Starting with the characteristics and laws of physical and mental development of children and adolescents, this paper discusses the scientific basis and importance and urgency of developing students’ self-study ability in physical education from a theoretical point of view. In the light of the current situation, The problems faced by the principle put forward my own suggestions.