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以沂蒙山区孟良崮小流域为研究对象,通过监测2010年自然降雨条件下流域出口污染物的流失状况,选取降雨量>2mm的10场降雨,分析降雨径流特征对磷素流失的影响.结果表明,次降雨径流中总磷(TP)、颗粒态全磷(PP)、水溶性全磷(DP)、水溶性无机磷(DIP)浓度变化与流量变化过程不一致,浓度峰值均出现于流量峰值之前,而磷素通量与流量变化过程较为一致,且两者呈较好的线性关系;次降雨径流TP、PP、DP、DIP的浓度最大值及平均浓度(EMCs)差异均较大,其主要受降雨量、最大雨强和平均雨强影响,与降雨历时无显著相关关系,而浓度最小值差异较小;TP以PP流失为主,DP以DIP流失为主,DIP/DP的动态变化与降雨历时、降雨量、最大雨强和平均雨强均无显著相关关系,而PP/TP的动态变化与最大雨强显著相关.DIP、DP、TP的输出受地表径流(DR)和基流(BF)的影响较大,DIP/DP的动态变化及DIP、DP、TP的EMCs与DR/TR(地表径流/总径流量)存在多项式关系,而PP/TP的动态变化和PP的EMCs受DR/TR影响较小.
Taking Mengliangtang watershed in Yimeng Mountain area as the research object, this paper analyzes the loss of phosphorus from the runoff at the outlet of the watershed under natural rainfall in 2010, and selects 10 rainfalls with rainfall> 2mm to analyze the effects of rainfall runoff on phosphorus loss. The concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), particulate total phosphorus (PP), water soluble total phosphorus (DP) and water soluble inorganic phosphorus (DIP) in sub-rainfall runoff were inconsistent with the changes of the flow rate. The peak concentrations appeared before the peak flow rate, However, the changes of phosphorus flux and flux were in good agreement with each other, and there was a good linear relationship between them. The maximum and mean concentrations (TPs) of TP, PP, DP and DIP were significantly different Rainfall, maximum rainfall intensity and average rainfall intensity have no significant correlation with rainfall duration, but the minimum difference in concentration is small. TP is dominated by PP, and DP is dominated by DIP. The dynamic changes of DIP / DP and rainfall duration , Rainfall, maximum rainfall intensity and average rainfall intensity, but the dynamic changes of PP / TP were significantly correlated with the maximum rainfall intensity.The output of DIP, DP and TP was affected by surface runoff (DR) and base flow (BF) The greater the impact of DIP / DP dynamic changes and DIP, DP TPs had a polynomial relationship between EMCs and DR / TR (surface runoff / total runoff), while dynamic changes of PP / TP and EMCs of PP were less affected by DR / TR.