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目的探索“5-2-1-1-0”新型行为干预模式对儿童青少年超重肥胖的效果,为儿童肥胖的行为干预提供依据。方法选取北京市某区10所中小学校796名肥胖学生作为研究对象,随机分为干预校和对照校各5所。干预校开展为期3个月的“5-2-1-1-0”行为日记和健康教育,同期开展1次家长健康讲座,并呼吁家长监督;对照校不改变日常安排。干预前后对研究对象进行体格检查和静脉采血。使用协方差分析干预效果。结果干预校体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、臀围和腰围身高比的下降值高于对照校,调整组间均数差分别为-0.22 kg/m2,-0.59 cm,-0.64 cm和-0.006(P值均<0.05)。干预校收缩压和舒张压的下降均多于对照校,调整组间均数差分别为-4.9 mm Hg和-4.4 mm Hg(P值均<0.01)。干预校空腹血糖的上升少于对照校,调整组间均数差为-0.15 mmol/L(P<0.01)。结论 “5-2-1-1-0”行为干预对儿童青少年超重肥胖及相关健康指标的改善效果较好。
Objective To explore the effect of “5-2-1-1-0” new behavioral intervention model on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, and provide a basis for behavioral intervention in children with obesity. Methods A total of 796 obese students from 10 primary and secondary schools in a certain district of Beijing were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into five intervention schools and five control schools. Intervention in schools to carry out a 3-month “5-2-1-1-0 ” behavior diary and health education, the same period to carry out a parent health talk, and called for parental supervision; control school does not change the daily arrangements. Before and after intervention, the subjects were inspected for physical examination and venous blood sampling. Covariance was used to analyze intervention effects. Results The decrease of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference and waist circumference ratio was higher than that of control school. The mean difference between the two groups was -0.22 kg / m2, -0.59 cm, -0.64 cm and -0.006, respectively (P <0.05). Intervention school systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased more than the control school, the adjustment group mean differences were -4.9 mm Hg and -4.4 mm Hg (P values were <0.01). The fasting blood glucose in intervention group was less than that in control school, and the mean difference between the adjusted groups was -0.15 mmol / L (P <0.01). Conclusion “5-2-1-1-0 ” behavioral intervention on children and adolescents overweight and obesity and related health indicators to improve the effect is better.