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以工业原料α-烯烃磺酸钠(AOS)作为可聚合乳化剂,苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为单体,采用预乳化种子乳液聚合合成了St-BA-AOS共聚物乳液.通过测定AOS与两种单体的竞聚率确定了半连续加料法的聚合方式.探讨了单体的加料方式、反应温度、反应时间、AOS用量等工艺条件对胶乳的影响,获得了最佳聚合条件.IR,NMR和DSC测试结果分析表明:St,BA与AOS发生了自由基共聚反应,形成的P(St-BA-AOS)共聚物结构中含有磺酸基等亲水性基团有利于乳液的稳定.在此基础上考察了AOS用量对乳液的固含量及乳胶粒粒径等的影响.结果表明:随着AOS用量的增加,乳液的固含量增加、乳胶粒的平均粒径减少.当AOS含量为2%时乳液的固含量为45.01%,平均粒径为74 nm,粒径分布指数为0.08,玻璃化温度为23.17℃.TEM测试结果显示,用相同量的AOS代替十二烷基硫酸钠可得到粒径更小和粒径分布更为均匀的乳液体系.
St-BA-AOS copolymer emulsion was synthesized by pre-emulsification seed emulsion polymerization using industrial raw material α-olefin sulfonate (AOS) as a polymerizable emulsifier, styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BA) The polymerization mode of semi-continuous feeding method was determined by measuring the recycle ratio of AOS and two monomers.The influence of the monomer feeding method, reaction temperature, reaction time and AOS dosage on the latex was discussed. The results of IR, NMR and DSC analysis showed that the radical copolymerization of St, BA and AOS occurred. The structure of P (St-BA-AOS) copolymer contained hydrophilic groups such as sulfonic acid group Is conducive to the stability of the emulsion.On the basis of this study, the effect of AOS dosage on the solid content of the emulsion and the particle size of the latex was investigated.The results showed that with the increase of AOS dosage, the solid content of the emulsion increased, the average particle size With an average particle diameter of 74 nm, a particle size distribution index of 0.08 and a glass transition temperature of 23.17 ° C. The TEM test results showed that the same amount of AOS was used instead of ten Sodium dialkyl sulphate provides milky liquids with smaller particle size and more uniform particle size distribution system.