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敦煌莫高窟保存4~14世纪有壁画彩塑的洞窟492个,壁画约45000平方米,彩塑2000余身。其中第98窟是莫高窟大型洞窟之一,也是病害类型多样、病害程度十分严重的典型洞窟之一。本文在开展现状调查、科学评估壁画保存状况的基础上,结合室内模拟实验和现场试验研究,筛选出不同病害壁画的保护修复材料和修复工艺。经过项目实施,有效地控制了各类活动病害的进一步发生和发展,对莫高窟第98窟壁画历史信息和文物价值的完整保存与再现起到积极作用,对敦煌莫高窟其他洞窟壁画的有效保护乃至我国其他石窟寺壁画的科学保护具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes preserved four to fourteenth centuries murals 492 caves, murals about 45,000 square meters, more than 2,000 colorful plastic body. Cave 98 is one of the large caves in Mogao Grottoes, and one of the typical caves with various types of diseases and serious disease. Based on the status quo investigation and the scientific assessment of the conservation of the murals, this paper selected the protection and restoration materials and the restoration techniques of the murals with different types of diseases on the basis of indoor simulation experiments and field experiments. After the implementation of the project, it effectively controlled the further occurrence and development of various disease activities, played an active role in the preservation and reproduction of the history information and cultural relics value of the mural at Cave 98 in Mogao Grottoes. The murals of other murals at Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang Effective protection and even the other cave temple murals of scientific protection has important reference value and reference.