目的：研究α干扰素（ＩＦＮ－α）对白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）激活的淋巴细胞中穿孔素和颗粒酶表达的影响。方法：４小时标准５１Ｃｒ释放实验检测ＮＫ和ＬＡＫ活性，ＡＢＣ酶标法检测颗粒酶Ｂ的表达，溶血法测定穿孔素活性，ＢＬＴ法测定颗粒酶Ａ的表达。结果：ＩＦＮ－α能增强ＩＬ－２诱导的外周血淋巴细胞中ＮＫ和ＬＡＫ细胞活性。ＩＬ－２和ＩＦＮ－α分别作用于淋巴细胞１天即可增加穿孔素活性，二者联合可使活性进一步增强（Ｐ＜０．０５），于培养第３天，ＩＬ－２和联合组的穿孔素仍有高表达，但ＩＦＮ－α组则下降至对照组水平。ＩＦＮ－α和ＩＬ－２单独或联合对淋巴细胞颗粒酶Ａ和Ｂ的表达无影响。结论：ＩＦＮ－α增加ＩＬ－２激活淋巴细胞的细胞毒作用可能与其增加淋巴细胞穿孔素表达相关。 Objective: To investigate the effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) on the expression of perforin and granzyme in lymphocytes activated by interleukin-2 (IL-2). Methods: The activity of NK and LAK was measured by 51Cr release test in 4 hours. The expression of granzyme B was detected by ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Perforin activity was determined by hemolysis method. Granzyme A expression was determined by BLT assay. Results: IFN-α enhanced IL-2-induced NK and LAK cell activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes. IL-2 and IFN-α could increase the activity of perforin on day 1, respectively. The combination of IL-2 and IFN-α could further increase the activity (P <0.05). On the 3rd day of culture, IL- Perforin is still high expression, but the IFN-α group decreased to the control group level. IFN- [alpha] and IL-2 alone or in combination had no effect on the expression of granzyme A and B lymphocytes. Conclusion: The cytotoxic effect of IFN-α on IL-2-activated lymphocytes may be related to the increase of perforin expression.