治理理论提出了一套不同于传统行政范式的治理理念和善治的制度架构,为我们建设社会主义和谐社会提供了一个可供借鉴的分析框架和理论范式。但其理论需要建立在经济发达、民主程度高和分权制度完善等基础上,如果把握不当,则很可能陷入“治理陷阱”。从治理理论的基本内涵入手,并分析治理理论在第三世界中的运用困境,从而探求出这一理论对于中国行政改革有用的选择逻辑,找到真正适合中国国情的公共管理模式或方法。 Governance theory puts forward a system of governance that is different from the traditional administrative paradigm and the system of good governance, which provides an analytical framework and theoretical paradigm for reference for building a socialist harmonious society. However, its theory needs to be built on the basis of a developed economy, a high degree of democracy and a perfect decentralization system. If mishandled, it is likely to fall into a “trap of governance.” Starting from the basic connotation of governance theory and analyzing the dilemma of using governance theory in the third world, this paper explores the logic of choice of the theory for China’s administrative reform and finds the public management model or method that is truly suited to China’s national conditions.