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本文通过七个不同类型粳稻品种双列杂交F_1和F_2代主要农艺性状的配合力分析认为:(1)根据F_1代一般配合力效应值选择亲本是有一定应用价值的,然而F_1代性状平均值与一般配合力呈高度正相关,因此可考虑用F_1代性状平均值来预测后代性状的一般配合力。(2)对特殊配合力,由于F_1代方差极显著F_2代的方差变得很小,两代间效应值的相关性很差,故不宜以F_1代估算的效应值大小推定组合的好坏;特殊配合力与杂种优势密切相关表明,似可用杂种优势大小以表达特殊配合力的程度。(3)单株产量这一重要性状,是由基因的加性和非加性共同决定的,虽以加性效应为主,而非加性效应也占有相当比重,不能根据F_1代的配合力效应值预测其分离世代的表现情况。F_2—F_4代的均数和方差都十分相近表明,大体在F_2代即可决定组合的优劣。配合力分析渊源于玉米的杂种优势利用,能否实用于自交作物如水稻的杂交育种?它能提供多大的信息?因此有必要对双列杂交设计的配合力分析在水稻育种上的应用进一步加以研究。
Based on the analysis of combining ability of main agronomic traits of F_1 and F_2 in seven different japonica rice varieties, it was concluded that: (1) Selection of parents based on general combining ability effect of F_1 had some application value. However, the average value of F_1 generation traits Which is highly positive with the general combining ability. Therefore, the average combining ability of the progeny characters can be considered with the average value of the F1 characters. (2) For the special combining ability, because the variance of F_1 generation is very significant, the variance of F_2 generation becomes very small and the correlation between the two generations is very poor. The special combining ability is closely related with the heterosis, indicating that it is possible to express the degree of special combining ability by using heterosis size. (3) The important trait of per plant yield is determined by additive and non-additive genes. Although additive effect is dominant, non-additive effect also occupies a considerable proportion, and can not be determined according to the combining ability of F1 generation Effect values predict the performance of their separated generations. The similarities and variances of F_2-F_4 generations are very similar, indicating that the pros and cons of the combination can be determined generally in the F_2 generation. Combining ability analysis originated from the heterosis utilization of maize, can it be applied to the crossbreeding of selfed crops such as rice? How much information can it provide? Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the combining ability of the double crosses in rice breeding To study.