从 1 949年新中国的成立到 1 952年底 ,新民主主义中国按照毛泽东最初的构想 ,运行良好 ,秩序井然。此后 ,毛泽东对当时国际、国内形势的判断出现了一定的偏差 ,过早地提出了向社会主义全面过渡的总路线 ,加快了所有制变革的步伐 ,最终使新民主主义社会提早结束。分析其原因 ,总结历史教训 ,有助于我们更好地建设有中国特色的社会主义 From the founding of new China in 1949 to the end of 1952, new-democratic China, in accordance with Mao’s original concept, has been operating well and in good order. Since then, Mao Zedong made some discrepancies in the judgments of the international and domestic situations at that time, prematurely put forward the general line for an all-round transition to socialism, accelerated the pace of ownership reform and eventually brought an early end to the new-democratic society. Analyzing its causes and summing up historical lessons will help us to better build socialism with Chinese characteristics.