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药物性食管损伤,自1970年始有报导,主要表现为胸骨后疼痛、吞咽困难、咽痛。少数表现为烧心、呕血、长期发烧,个别人因不能进食须住院治疗。大部分症状可于停药后7～10天自行缓解。四环素、氯化钾、奎尼丁是致病的主要药物。食管受损的原因可分为两种:间接所致者为抗生素使用后引起霉菌性食管炎,以及应用免疫抑制剂、化疗后导致病毒性感染;直接原因为药物的细胞毒作用损伤了食管粘膜、减低了食管下括约肌的张力,导致胃液反流。药的直接作用还在于高浓度的药物长时间接触,造成食管损伤。有人用硫酸锝~(99)让正常人服用,比较用15ml 水吞服、不用水吞服、吞服胶囊后直立位及仰卧位,结果发现饮
Drug-induced esophageal injury, has been reported since 1970, mainly for the sternum pain, swallowing difficulties, sore throat. A small number of manifestations of heartburn, hematemesis, long-term fever, some individuals can not eat because of hospitalization. Most symptoms can be relieved 7 to 10 days after stopping. Tetracycline, potassium chloride, quinidine is the main pathogenic drugs. The causes of esophageal damage can be divided into two types: indirect use of antibiotics caused by fungal esophagitis, and the application of immunosuppressive agents, chemotherapy-induced viral infection; the direct cause of the drug cytotoxic damage to the esophageal mucosa , Reducing the tension of the lower esophageal sphincter, resulting in gastric reflux. The direct effect of the drug is still prolonged exposure to high concentrations of drugs, resulting in esophageal damage. Some people with technetium ~ (99) for normal people to take, compared with 15ml water swallow, without swallowing water, swallow capsules upright position and supine position, found that drinking