一、前言岩体中的软弱结构面、特别是软弱夹层和软弱的节理面以及基岩和建筑物的结合面或称界面(以下对这些面简称为弱面)对于水工建筑物的抗滑稳定,天然或人工岩石边坡和地下洞库的稳定性常常起控制作用.据不完全统计,我国已建成或正在设计施工的大坝坝基,约三分之二涉及到软弱夹层问题.世界上有关水工建筑物失事的例子中究其原因,不少是由于基岩内沿软弱夹层、或软弱岩层发生位移量很大的滑动所导致的.软弱结构面往往是岩体中相对薄弱的面,岩体的应力分布、变形和破坏与这些弱面的展布和组合情况和力学性质密切 I. Introduction The weak structural planes in the rock masses, especially the weak interlayers and the weak joint planes, and the joint planes or interfaces of bedrock and buildings (hereinafter referred to as the weak planes for these surfaces) are anti-slippery for hydraulic structures. Stability, stability of natural or artificial rock slopes and underground caverns often plays a controlling role. According to incomplete statistics, China has constructed or is currently constructing dam foundations for construction, about two-thirds of which involve weak interlayer problems. In the case of hydraulic building failures, many of the reasons are caused by slipping along the weak interlayer or weak rock formations in the bedrock. The weak structural plane is often a relatively weak surface in the rock mass. The stress distribution, deformation and destruction of rock masses are closely related to the spreading and combination of these weak surfaces and their mechanical properties.