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近年来,我国卫生法制建设不断加强,卫生法律体系也日趋完善,但实际生活中的违法事件并没有得到理想的控制,甚至某些重大恶性卫生违法案件还有增加趋势。违法者为何要选择违法行为?又如何制止违法者选择违法行为?人们会举出很多复杂原因。对此,如某从经济学角度考察,答案则非常简单明了。违法者之所以选择违法行为,关键就是有利可图,而要制止违法者选择违法行为,就必须使违法者得不偿失。本文试从经济学角度对卫生违法行为的成本收益构成影响因素和控制卫生违法行为的经济学对策作初步探讨。
In recent years, the construction of China’s health and legal system has been continuously strengthened, and the legal system for health has been gradually perfected. However, the illegal activities in real life have not been satisfactorily controlled, and even some cases of major vicious health violations have increased. Why do illegal actors choose illegal activities and how can they stop illegal actors from choosing illegal activities? People will cite many complicated reasons. In this regard, if one examines from the perspective of economics, the answer is very simple and straightforward. The key to the illegal behavior of law-breakers is profitability. To stop the law-breakers from choosing illegal activities, it is necessary to make the violators more harm than good. This article attempts to make a preliminary discussion on the cost-benefit of health violations and the economic countermeasures to control health violations from the perspective of economics.