在一个以半状态与动作为本体基础的实体框架下,因果关系的类型、结构和组成元素以及它们在因果关系中的作用需要重新进行分析。本文给出了一种结构分析的方法,指出了可能存在的类型,区分了潜在的与实际的因果关系,并讨论了潜在的因果关系的组成因素及其它们在因果关系中的作用,探讨了一些长期以来得到确认的因果关系的一般性质。 Under a substantive framework based on semi-states and actions as ontologies, the types, structures and components of causal relationships and their role in causality need to be re-analyzed. This paper presents a method of structural analysis, pointing out the possible types, distinguishing between potential and actual causality, discussing the components of potential causal relationships and their roles in causation, The general nature of some causal relationships that have long been recognized.