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认知语言学认为人类的身体在与外部世界的互动过程中所获得的认知经验,是人类认识客观世界的基础。“上下、前后、左右”等是最基本的空间方位词。这一类词语虽然数量少,但是它们的构词能力非常强,除了表示方向,方位以外还引申出了时间、社会地位、状态以及概数等等意思。本文旨在通过运用认知语言学的基本理论,对照研究汉语“前”和日语「前」的空间认知方式,找出它们在空间语义上的区别,为更好理解〈前〉在中日两国语言中的空间意义以及其他方面的意义做准备。
Cognitive linguistics believes that the cognitive experience gained by human beings in the process of interaction with the outside world is the basis for mankind’s understanding of the objective world. “Up and down, before and after, left and right ” and so on are the most basic spatial location words. Although the number of such words is small, their ability to construct words is very strong. In addition to expressing directions and orientations, time, social status, status, and the like are also introduced. The purpose of this paper is to find out their difference in spatial semantics by using the basic theories of cognitive linguistics and comparing the spatial cognition of Chinese “Qian” and Japanese “Qian” Sino-Japanese language in the spatial significance and other aspects of the preparation.