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用恢复系明恢63经连续二轮离体培养-再生后的第一代植株与不育系珍汕97A 测交,以探测其体细胞无性系配合力变异状况。结果表明,各单株产生的雄配子发生了明显的配合力变异,测交杂种主要经济性状的变异系数大大超过对照原杂交稻汕优63。体细胞无性系配合力变异与其它性状类似,总体呈负向变异,即大部分雄配子系配合力下降类型;但在较小群体情况下已检出超高配合力雄配子,超高组合内超高单株率为10%,以全部参测植株计算为5%。因而,有可能成为杂交稻改良的又一新途径。笔者认为,体细胞无性系变异在很大程度上是原来细胞分化状态的后效应的结果。对于体细胞无性系变异运用于自花授粉作物杂种优势利用中配合力改良的机理,本文也进行了探讨。
The restorer line Minghui63 was inoculated continuously for two successive rounds of in vitro culture-the regenerated first-generation plants and sterile line Zhenshan 97A were detected to detect variation of combining ability of somatic clones. The results showed that the male gametes produced by each individual had obvious variation of combining ability, and the coefficient of variation of major economic traits of hybrids significantly exceeded that of Shanyou 63. The variation of combining ability of somaclonal clones was similar to that of other traits, showing a negative variation in the whole, that is, the majority of male gametes decreased with the decreasing of combining ability. However, in the case of smaller population, The high plant rate was 10%, calculated as 5% of all plants tested. Therefore, it may become a new way to improve hybrid rice. In my opinion, somatic clonal variation is to a large extent the result of the post-effects of the original state of cell differentiation. This paper also discusses the mechanism of somaclonal variations applied to the improvement of combining ability in the heterosis utilization of self-pollinated crops.