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“当欧美国家在十八世纪末开始运用考试选拔官员的时候,我国早在一千多年前就建立起机会均等的科举考试制度,这个考试取士制度对封建社会的政治、文化、教育等方面产生了巨大且深远的影响,也直接促进了社会结构的演变和社会价值观念的转变。”[1]国家考试是国家教育基本制度重要组成部分,是维护教育公平、社会公正的重要手段,也是一种公平的人才选拔通道,涉及广大人民群众的切身利益。在国家考试中进行作弊,严重地损害了社会评估体系的公信力,扰乱了国家考试的正常秩序,破坏了国家建立的民主、公开、竞争、择优选拔优秀人才机制,严重地侵害了公众的平等考试权利,具有严重的社会危害性。“当代市场经济加信息化社会是考试舞弊形式发展最多、速度发展最快、后果发展最严重的时代,防止国家考试舞弊已到了与维护国家稳定、维护法制社会、维护社会公信力的重要历史阶段。”[2]
When the European and American countries started to use their examinations to select officials at the end of the 18th century, our country established an equal opportunity examination system more than a thousand years ago. This system of examinations examines the politics, culture, education, etc. of the feudal society Has a huge and far-reaching impact, but also directly promoted the evolution of social structure and the transformation of social values. “[1] The national examination is an important part of the basic education system and an important instrument for safeguarding education equity and social justice It is also a fair channel for talent selection and involves the vital interests of the broad masses of the people. Cheating in the national exams has seriously damaged the credibility of the social assessment system, disrupted the normal order of the national examinations, undermined the democratic, open and competitive national mechanisms established by the state, severely infringed upon the public equal examination Right, with serious social harm. Contemporary market economy plus information society is the era with the most developed form of examination fraud, the fastest development of the speed and the most serious consequence development. Preventing corruption in the national examinations has reached an important historic stage of maintaining national stability, maintaining a legal society and maintaining social credibility. .”[2]