Congenital cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most common birth defect now in China. The incidence is 1.62‰ according to the data (1988-1992) provided by the National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring.1 It is also one of the congenital anomalies that have excellent prognosis. But severe complications may occur in the cases accompanied some other deformities. Here we report a case of death caused by left-sided posterolateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), type Bochdalek, after the cleft operation.