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目的探讨淮安市食管癌的发病原因,寻找发病的保护和危险因素,为开展食管癌防治工作提供决策依据。方法采用1:1配比的方式进行病例对照研究。选取食管癌患者200例和健康对照者200例进行问卷调查。结果单因素条件logistic分析显示,长期吸烟、饮酒,经常食用腌晒食品、烫热食品,有消化道恶性肿瘤家族史等与食管癌发病有关联,可增加发病的危险性;经常饮茶、食用新鲜蔬菜、新鲜水果、肉蛋奶类等则为保护因素。多因素条件logistic分析显示,独立的危险因素是经常食用腌晒食品、吸烟和消化道恶性肿瘤家族史;饮茶是保护因素。结论淮安市居民食管癌高发是多种因素反复作用的结果,宜采取综合防治措施,降低食管癌发病率。
Objective To explore the causes of esophageal cancer in Huai’an and to find out the protection and risk factors for the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer and to provide decision-making basis for the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer. Methods A 1: 1 ratio of the case-control study. 200 cases of esophageal cancer patients and 200 healthy controls were selected for questionnaire survey. Results Single-factor logistic analysis showed that long-term smoking, drinking, regular consumption of sun-dried foods, hot foods, family history of gastrointestinal cancer and esophageal cancer were associated with increased risk of onset; regular tea, edible Fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, meat and eggs, etc. are protective factors. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that independent risk factors were regular consumption of sun-cured foods, smoking and family history of gastrointestinal malignancies; drinking tea was a protective factor. Conclusions The high incidence of esophageal cancer in Huaian residents is the result of repeated effects of many factors. It is advisable to take comprehensive prevention and treatment measures to reduce the incidence of esophageal cancer.