一、引言1.信息不对称理论简介信息不对称理论是信息经济学中一个非常重要的理论[1].1970年,美国经济学家阿克尔洛夫(George A.Akerlof)首次提出了“信息市场”的概念,他提出:在旧车交易市场中,买卖双方由于对旧车车况信息掌握程度的不同会导致市场失灵,即差车把好车驱逐出二手车市场[2].此后,经济学家斯宾塞和斯蒂格利茨将该思想用于分析劳动力市场与金 I. Introduction 1. Introduction to Asymmetric Information Asymmetric information theory is a very important theory in information economics. [1] In 1970, the American economist Akerlof (George A. Akerlof) first proposed In the concept of “information market,” he put forward that in the old car market, buyers and sellers may cause market failure due to the different mastership of used car information, that is, poor cars are expelled from the used car market [2]. Since then, economists Spencer and Stiglitz have used the idea to analyze labor markets and gold