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从教育测量学的角度来看,考试或考核是进行教育测量的主要方式之一,它们的功能在于甑别应试者的知识水平,区别应试者的才能高低和诊断应试者学习过程中存在的困难和问题。科学的考试或考核是选拔人才、评价能力和促进学习者解决问题的有效手段。怎样才能保证考试或考核的科学性呢?涉及的困素很多,其中有一个很重要的因素就是编制一份完整的“考核(考试)大纲”。“考纲”明确地规定了考核范围、评价目标和考核的能力层次,是应考者掌握考试内容和深度的重要依据,也是考试命题者编制考题和评价考核效果的重要根据。比
From the perspective of educational surveying, examination or assessment is one of the main ways to carry out education measurement. Their function is to distinguish the level of knowledge of examinees, to distinguish between the level of ability of examinees and to diagnose the difficulties in the course of study And the problem. Scientific examination or assessment is an effective means of selecting talents, evaluating their abilities and promoting learners to solve problems. How to ensure the scientificalness of exams or exams? There are many kinds of factors involved. One of the most important factors is the preparation of a complete “examination (syllabus)”. “Syllabus” clearly defined the scope of assessment, evaluation objectives and the ability to assess the level of candidates is to grasp the content and depth of an important basis for exams, but also test the preparation of exam candidates and an important basis for assessing the effectiveness of the assessment. ratio