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目的了解宁波市6～18岁中小学生高血压的流行现状及人体测量学指标对血压的影响,为中小学生高血压的评估或预测提供依据。方法随机整群抽取宁波市2个区县7所中小学本市户籍6～18岁汉族学生共3 087名,测量血压、身高、体重等指标。结果宁波市6～18岁儿童青少年高血压患病率为2.49%,其中男生为3.01%,女生为1.99%;城市学生为2.45%,农村学生为2.54%,差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。体质量指数、腰围、臀围、腰围身高比与男、女生的收缩压和舒张压之间均呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。男生臀围、体质量指数、年龄、腰围身高比指标对血压影响较大,而女生年龄、腰围指标对血压影响较大(P值均<0.01)。结论人体测量学指标与血压密切相关,可以用来预测或监测中小学生高血压。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension among primary and secondary school students aged 6 ~ 18 and the influence of anthropometric indicators on blood pressure in primary and secondary school students in Ningbo City, so as to provide evidence for the assessment or prediction of hypertension among primary and secondary school students. Methods A total of 3 087 Han students aged 6-18 from 7 primary and secondary schools in 2 districts and counties of Ningbo City were randomly selected and clustered to measure blood pressure, height and weight. Results The prevalence of hypertension among adolescents aged 6-18 years in Ningbo was 2.49%, of which 3.01% for boys and 1.99% for girls; 2.45% for urban students and 2.54% for rural students, with no significant difference (P value > 0.05). The body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist circumference ratio were positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both sexes (P <0.01). Hips circumference, body mass index, age, waist circumference than the indicators of greater impact on blood pressure, while girls age, waist circumference indicators have a greater impact on blood pressure (P value <0.01). Conclusion The anthropometric indicators are closely related to blood pressure, which can be used to predict or monitor the hypertension of primary and secondary school students.