用原代培养大鼠皮质神经细胞的方法，观察ｌ丁基苯酞（ｌＮＢＰ）和ｄ丁基苯酞（ｄＮＢＰ）对ＫＣｌ及Ｎ甲基Ｄ门冬氨酸（ＮＭＤＡ）诱导的大鼠皮质神经细胞损伤的保护作用。结果表明：ｌＮＢＰ和ｄＮＢＰ能剂量依赖性地抑制ＮＭＤＡ诱导的大鼠皮质神经细胞内乳酸脱氢酶的释放，降低细胞死亡率，改善受损细胞的形态；此外ｌＮＢＰ和ｄＮＢＰ还能明显减轻ＫＣｌ诱导的神经细胞损伤。提示：ｌＮＢＰ和ｄＮＢＰ对ＫＣｌ及ＮＭＤＡ诱导的大鼠皮质神经细胞损伤有明显保护作用。 Primary culture of rat cortical neurons with lbutylphthalide (lNBP) and dbutylphthalide (dNBP) on KCl and Nmethyl  D  aspartate (NMDA) -induced injury of cortical neurons in rats. The results showed that: l NBP and d NBP dose-dependently inhibited NMDA-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase in rat cortical neurons to reduce cell death rate and improve the morphology of damaged cells; in addition lNBP and d NBP can also significantly reduce KCl-induced neuronal damage. Tip: l  NBP and d  NBP on KCl and NMDA induced rat cortical neuronal injury was significantly protective effect.