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为了改善酚醛泡沫(PF)的力学性能,通过模压成型制备了中空玻璃微珠(HGB)增强的PF复合材料,采用力学性能测试、热重分析和燃烧试验研究了HGB用量对复合材料压缩性能和热性能的影响,并对其增强机制进行了分析。结果表明:当HGB质量分数为树脂的10%时,增强PF的压缩比强度和压缩比模量达到最大值;经过硅烷偶联剂表面处理的HGB增强PF的压缩比强度和压缩比模量提高幅度较大。热重分析和垂直燃烧试验表明:HGB的加入降低了PF的热降解速率,使其热稳定性有所提高,阻燃性能略有下降。SEM、FTIR和EDS分析表明:HGB增强PF的破坏方式为泡孔受挤压破碎,并最终导致HGB脱粘或刚性破碎。HGB增强PF的泡孔密度增加、泡孔直径变小,HGB表面与树脂基体间界面粘结状况良好,在树脂基体中均匀分散。
In order to improve the mechanical properties of phenolic foam (PF), hollow glass microspheres (HGB) reinforced PF composites were prepared by compression molding. The mechanical properties, thermal gravimetric analysis and combustion tests were used to study the effect of HGB loading on the compressive properties, The influence of thermal performance, and analyzes its enhancement mechanism. The results show that when the mass fraction of HGB is 10%, the compressive strength and compressive modulus of reinforced PF reach the maximum value. The compressive strength and compressive modulus of HGB reinforced PF treated with silane coupling agent increase Larger. Thermogravimetric analysis and vertical combustion tests showed that the addition of HGB reduced the thermal degradation rate of PF, increased the thermal stability and slightly decreased the flame retardancy. SEM, FTIR and EDS analysis showed that HGB enhanced the destruction of PF by crushing the cells and eventually leading to debonding or rigid crushing of the HGB. HGB enhanced PF cell density increases, the cell diameter becomes smaller, HGB surface and the resin matrix bonding interface is good, evenly dispersed in the resin matrix.