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建立了土壤退化评价指标及其评价标准,并对三峡库区秭归县的土壤退化强度、类型与空间变化进行了评价与分析。结果表明,秭归县土壤退化中紫色土、石灰土、黄棕壤和黄壤的退化较为严重。林荒地比耕地土壤退化严重。耕地中旱地比水田退化严重。秭归县土壤退化类型以薄层化、粗骨化、旱化和养分贫瘠化为主,其中养分贫瘠化又以缺K和缺P趋势明显。土壤退化因人们对土壤利用方式和强度的差异而存在着空间变异,秭归县位于长江两岸河谷地带的一些乡镇土壤养分退化较为严重,而远离此的高山区地带的一些乡镇土壤退化较轻。
Soil degradation assessment index and its evaluation criteria were established, and the soil degradation intensity, type and spatial variation in Zigui County in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were evaluated and analyzed. The results show that the degradation of purple soil, lime soil, yellow brown soil and yellow soil in Zigui soil degradation is more serious. Forests are denser than degraded soils. The dry land in cultivated land is more serious than the paddy field. The soil degradation types in Zigui County are dominated by thinning, coarse ossification, drought and nutrient depletion, of which nutrient deficiencies are marked by the lack of K and lack of P. Soil degradation is due to spatial variability in differences in soil use patterns and intensities. Soil degradation is more severe in some towns and townships in the Zigui County, a valley located in the valley along the Yangtze River, while some villages and towns far away from this area have less soil degradation.