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目的了解海宁市农村卫生厕所卫生状况和粪便无害化处理效果。方法对海宁市两个镇(街道)的基本情况进行调查,各抽取1个村,分别对10家农户的厕所、水井等进行调查与监测。结果两镇(街道)农村总户数为17327户,其中拥有卫生厕所的有16653户,占96.1%,20家农户的无害化指标除氨氮合格率为0外,其余指标合格率为60%～95%,水井水质6项指标合格率夏季为40%～90%,秋季为65%～95%。结论卫生厕所所占比率较高,但粪池类型(如三格式)建造不规范,未能达到理想的无害化处理效果,有必要进一步提高三格式粪池的工程质量,真正达到无害化。
Objective To understand the health status of rural sanitary latrines in Haining and the effect of excrement decontamination. Methods The basic situation of two towns (streets) in Haining City was investigated. One village was sampled and the toilets and water wells of 10 households were surveyed and monitored respectively. Results The total number of rural households in the two towns (streets) was 17,327, of which 16,653 were sanitary latrines, accounting for 96.1%. The detoxification index of 20 households except for ammonia qualified rate was 0, while the remaining indicators passed the rate of 60% ~ 95%, 6 indicators of well water quality pass rate of 40% to 90% in summer and 65% to 95% in autumn. Conclusions Sanitary lavatories occupy a relatively high proportion, but the construction of septic tank types (eg, the third format) is not standardized and the ideal decontamination treatment effect can not be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the project quality of the three-format septic tank and truly achieve sound decontamination .