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在南方稻区大面积应用的常规粳稻、杂交粳稻、杂交籼稻中各选两个代表性品种为材料,根据钵苗机插不同穴距设置高、中、低3种密度处理,并以塑盘毯状育苗机插为对照,比较研究钵苗机插不同密度对水稻株型及田间小气候的影响。结果表明:不同类型水稻品种剑叶与倒2叶叶枕距、倒3叶与倒4叶叶枕距、有效叶面积率、高效叶面积率、剑叶夹角、倒2叶长、倒3叶长及叶夹角、穗长及穗下两个节间长均随着栽插密度的减小而增大;冠层内部温湿度随栽插密度降低而降低,常规粳稻和杂交粳稻以中低密度透光性好,杂交籼稻透光性差;钵苗机插水稻较常规盘育毯苗机插苗株型整齐,群体内部温湿度降低;钵苗机插常规粳稻、杂交粳稻、杂交籼稻适宜穴距设置分别为12、14和16 cm,有利于实现省工节本和高产高效的统一,可为大面积生产提供参考。
Two representative varieties of conventional japonica rice, japonica hybrid rice and indica hybrid rice were used as materials in the large rice area of southern China. Three kinds of high density, medium density and low density were set according to different acupoints of machine, Blanket seedling machine inserted as a control, a comparative study of different seedlings inserted machine density of rice plant type and field microclimate. The results showed that the relationship between the distance between the flag leaf of the two types of rice cultivars and that of the second leaf, the distance between the third leaf and the fourth leaf, the area of effective leaf, the area of high leaf, Leaf length and leaf angle, spike length and ear length of two internodes all increased with decreasing transplanting density; temperature and humidity inside canopy decreased with decreasing transplanting density, and both conventional and hybrid japonica rice were medium Light transmissivity of hybrid indica rice is poor; the light transmissivity of hybrid indica rice is poor; the seedling inserted into rice by means of bowl seedling is more regular than that of conventional blanket seedling raising machine, and the temperature and humidity in the colony are reduced; the conventional japonica rice, hybrid japonica rice and hybrid indica rice The pit distances are set at 12, 14 and 16 cm, respectively, which is conducive to the unity of provincial cost-saving and high-yield and high efficiency, which can provide reference for large-scale production.