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探讨镶嵌式基于问题学习(hybrid-problem based learning，hPBL)教学方法在中美儿科学教学实践中的应用差异，剖析中国上海交通大学医学院和美国加州大学洛杉矶分校医学院不同学制下儿科学教学实践4个阶段中hPBL教学方法的应用，发现基于问题学习(problem-based learning，PBL)教学方法在中美2所医学院儿科学教学实践中均有应用。美国加州大学洛杉矶分校常态化将hPBL教学方法贯穿于儿科学教学实践中历时较久，教学效果良好；而中国上海交通大学医学院进阶性将hPBL教学方法应用于儿科学教学实践中历时较短，也取得了较好教学效果。“,”To discuss the different application of hybrid-problem based learning (hPBL) in pediatrics teaching between Shanghai Jiao Tong University of China and University of California Los Angeles of America, the pediatrics teaching in different educational system during four stages in China and America was analyzed. It is found that there are differences in the application of the hPBL teaching method, but each one plays its role. Problem-based learning(PBL) teaching method is widely used in medical education in both two medical schools. The university of California Los Angeles in America normalized the hPBL teaching method through pediatrics teaching practice lasted a long time, the learning outcomes are quite good. In Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the application of hPBL teaching method in pediatrics teaching practice lasts a short time, but also shows good learning outcomes.