概述在大多数的平原河流上都发生春洪。如所周知,其特征是流量大增,从而水位涨高。春洪的演进分三个基本阶段:涨水期,峰顶及落水期。每一阶段之特征为具有确定的洪水历时,因此,有一定的水流流速。洪水期间,流速及水深都远比平水期之流速及水深为大。在水位涨到超过平水河槽岸边(即漫滩)时,河水流向几乎经常会发生较大的改变。所有这些改变,无疑的都会反映到水流结构上;而后者则在这时期内对河床,特别是浅滩的演变,给以很大的影响。路西也夫斯基(ЛосиевскийА.И.)的试验报告[1]指出,在平均流速大的情况下,浅滩的低 Overview Spring floods occur on most of the plains. As we all know, it is characterized by a large increase in flow, which increases the water level. The evolution of Chun Hong is divided into three basic stages: rising period, peak and falling period. Each stage is characterized by a defined flood duration and, therefore, a certain water flow rate. During the flood period, the flow rate and depth of water are far greater than the velocities and depth of the water. When the water level rises above the bank (ie, floodplain) of the Pingshui River Channel, the river flow changes almost frequently. All of these changes are undoubtedly reflected in the current structure, while the latter greatly influenced the evolution of the riverbed, especially the shoal, during this period. Luciusyevsk (Лосиевский А.И.) Test report [1] pointed out that in the case of large average flow rate, the low shoal