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至今,人们把俄语专业视听课教学改革的注意力集中在教学内容、教学方法和视听教学媒体上,面对视听课教学设计问题谈论得较少。近年来,笔者在自己的教学实践中体会到,视听课教学设计是俄语视听课教学改革中一个不可忽视的环节,要做好视听课教学设计,关键是处理好以下几个关系: 一、教学设计与学习需要的关系 在教学设计中,学生是中心,设计是为学生服务的。搞好这种关系,是教学设计的第一步。要搞好这个关系,首先要正确认识教学大纲与教学设计之间的关联。教学大纲既是一个课程的教学安排与实施步骤的体现,又是一个课程的教学目的和具体要求的说明,它是我们进行教学设计的一个依据,如果偏离了这个依据,就很难实现大纲所提出要求;其次,是进行学生需要的调查与分析,目的是通过此步骤,了解学生的具体状况及对该门课,甚至对某一课文的意见。当然,这个步骤的实施应该是在教学大纲的指导下进行的。最后将教学大纲,学生的需要与课文内容结合起来,分析研究,找出教学设计最理想的方案。比如,俄语视听课教学大纲规定,俄语专业二年级视听课即将结束时达到的第二点要求是,
Up till now, people have focused their attention on the teaching reform of Russian audio-visual teaching in teaching contents, teaching methods and audio-visual teaching media, and have less talk about the teaching design of audio-visual courses. In recent years, I have realized in my own teaching practice that the design of audio-visual teaching is a link that can not be neglected in the teaching reform of audio-visual teaching in Russian. The key is to deal with the following several relations: First, teaching The relationship between design and learning needs In the teaching design, students are the center, the design is for students. To improve this relationship is the first step in teaching design. To do a good job of this relationship, we must first correctly understand the relationship between teaching syllabus and instructional design. Syllabus is not only a course of teaching arrangements and implementation steps of the embodiment, but also a course of instructional purposes and specific requirements, it is a basis for our teaching design, if deviation from this basis, it is difficult to achieve the outline proposed Requirements; second, is to carry out student needs investigation and analysis, the purpose is through this step to understand the specific conditions of students and the course, and even a text comments. Of course, this step should be implemented under the guidance of the syllabus. Finally, the syllabus, the needs of students and the content of the text combine to analyze and research to find the best teaching design program. For example, the Russian audio-visual teaching syllabus provides that the second requirement that the Russian professional second-year audio-