采用野外采样和室内试验相结合的方法,对渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲不同作物类型农田表层土壤盐分离子含量进行分析,为干旱区绿洲农田土壤盐渍化的治理、合理利用及因地制宜的精准改良提供一定的理论依据。结果表明:土壤总盐含量为3.43 g/kg,属于轻度盐渍化,其中棉田最高为5.28 g/kg,谷物地最低为1.60 g/kg;土壤呈微碱性。各盐分离子中SO2-4比重最大,表层土壤以硫酸盐类盐渍土为主。在阴离子中,SO2-4比重最高,其中在果林地最高,在棉田最低;在阳离子中,K++Na+比重最高,其中在混合作物地最高,在棉田最低。农田表层土壤总盐分含量与Ca2+含量呈极显著正相关;Mg2+含量与p H值呈显著正相关,与Cl-含量呈极显著正相关,与HCO-3含量呈显著负相关。棉田表层土壤总盐分含量与Ca2+含量呈极显著正相关,Mg2+含量与Cl-含量呈极显著正相关。谷物地、混合作物地和果林地表层土壤总盐分含量与K++Na+、SO2-4含量呈极显著正相关,与Cl-含量呈极显著负相关,与p H值呈显著正相关;Ca2+含量与Mg2+含量呈极显著正相关;SO2-4含量与p H值呈显著正相关,与K++Na+含量呈极显著正相关,与Cl-含量呈极显著负相关;Cl-含量与K++Na+含量、p H值均呈极显著负相关。表层土壤总盐分在空间上从绿洲内部向外围及扇缘逐渐增多,非盐渍化与轻度盐渍化土壤主要分布于绿洲内部及东北部,中度盐渍化土壤主要分布于绿洲的南缘,重度盐渍化土壤主要分布于绿洲的西岸、外围与扇缘地带。 Using the method of field sampling and indoor experiment, the content of salt ions in surface soil of different crops types farmland in Weigan-Kuqa River delta was analyzed to control and treat the soil salinization in oasis farmland in arid area, Accurately improve to provide some theoretical basis. The results showed that the soil total salt content was 3.43 g / kg, which belonged to mild salinization, in which the highest cotton field was 5.28 g / kg and the lowest cereal area was 1.60 g / kg. The soil was slightly alkaline. The proportion of SO2-4 in each salt ion is the largest, while the surface soil is mainly sulphate saline soil. Among the anions, SO2-4 had the highest specific gravity, highest in the fruit trees and lowest in the cotton fields. K + + Na + had the highest specific gravity among the cations, of which the highest was in the mixed crops and the lowest in the cotton fields. There was a significant positive correlation between total salt content and Ca2 + content in farmland soil surface. There was a significant positive correlation between Mg2 + content and p H value, a significant positive correlation with Cl- content and a significant negative correlation with HCO-3 content. There was a significant positive correlation between total salt content and Ca2 + content in surface soil of cotton field. There was a significant positive correlation between Mg2 + content and Cl- content. The contents of total salt in surface soil of cereal, mixed crop and fruit forest were significantly and positively correlated with K + + Na + and SO2-4 contents, but significantly negatively correlated with Cl- content and positively correlated with p H value. Ca2 + There was a significant positive correlation between content of Mg (superscript 2 +) and Mg (superscript 2 +), the content of SO2-4 was positively correlated with p H value, extremely significant positive correlation with K ++ Na + content, and extremely significant negative correlation with Cl- content. ++ Na + content, p H values ​​showed a significant negative correlation. The total salinity of surface soil increased spatially from the inside to the periphery and the margin of the oasis, while the non-salinization and mild salinization were mainly distributed in the interior and the northeast of the oasis. The moderately salinized soil was mainly distributed in the south of the oasis Edge, severe salinization of soil are mainly distributed in the oasis of the West Bank, periphery and fan margin zone.