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本文报告了淅川县中小学生９５０７人结素试验结果，阳性２７６４人，阳性率２９．０７％（２７６４／９５０７），其中强阳性４２７人，有水泡１９人，胸透发现患肺结核病２６人，患病率０．２７％（２６／９５０）；小学生阳性率２２．３１％（１０１８／４５６４），中学生阳性率３５．５４％（１７４６／４９１３），说明阳性率随学年升高而增高，两者之间有显著性差异（Ｘ２＝２００．５５，Ｐ＜０．００５）；县城学生阳性率３３．７５％（１７３４／５１３８），农村学生阳性率２３．７４（１０３０／４３３９），县城学生阳性率明显高于农村学生（Ｘ２＝１１３．９８，Ｐ＜０．００５）；阳性卡痕率８３．０３％（２２９５／２７６４），阴性卡痕率６０．１８％（４０５８／６７４３），阳性卡痕率明显高于阴性（Ｘ２＝６０．７１１Ｐ＜０．００５）。提示：接种卡介苗有根强的保护作用，应增加卡介苗复种次数，缩短间隔时间，提高接种率，加强冷链管理和基层防疫医生的技术培训工作，及时查治肺结核病人，对强阳性者进行预防服药等是预防和控制肺结核病的有效措施。
This paper reports the results of 9507 human tuberculosis test in primary and secondary school students in Xichuan County, with a positive rate of 2764, with a positive rate of 29.07% (2764/9507), of which 427 were strongly positive, 19 were blisters, 26 were pulmonary tuberculosis, The prevalence was 0.27% (26/950). The positive rate of primary school students was 22.31% (1018/4564), while the positive rate of secondary school students was 35.54% (1746/4913), indicating that the positive rate increased with the increase of school years. (X2 = 200.55, P <0.005). The positive rate of county students was 33.75% (1734/5138), the positive rate of rural students was 23.74 (1030/4339), and that of county students The positive rate was 83.03% (2295/2764), negative rate was 60.18% (4058/6743), positive rate was significantly higher than that of rural students (X2 = 113.98, P <0.005) Marked rate was significantly higher than negative X2 = 60.711P <0.005). Tip: BCG vaccination has a strong root of the protective effect, should increase the number of BCG seed multiplication, shorten the interval time and improve the vaccination rate, strengthen the cold chain management and grassroots doctors of medical training, timely investigation of tuberculosis patients, the strong positive prevention Taking medicine is an effective measure to prevent and control tuberculosis.