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目的:了解常山县农村学校水与环境卫生设施的现状,研究发现农村学校卫生设施建设与管理中存在的问题,为政府部门提供改善学校饮用水水质和环境卫生设施的基础数据。方法:对全县农村学校基本情况、水与环境卫生设施进行普查;采用实地观察、问卷调查、现场访谈、水质和肠道寄生虫病监测等方法对10所样本学校进行调查。结果:全县共有81所农村学校,学校用水多属自备水,在水源保护、消毒设施等方面存在较多隐患;自备水水质抽检合格率30%,7所学校水质检验微生物指标严重超标;粪便不能达到无害化处理要求;学校非常需要专职或兼职的保健老师(校医);学生的卫生行为习惯有待提高。结论:常山县农村学校水与环境卫生设施建设比其他教育设施相对滞后;加强农村学校尤其是村级小学的基础卫生设施和环境卫生设施刻不容缓。
Objective: To understand the current situation of water and sanitation facilities in rural schools in Changshan County, to find out the problems in the construction and management of rural school sanitation facilities, and to provide the government departments with the basic data to improve school drinking water quality and environmental sanitation facilities. Methods: The basic situation of rural schools in the county, water and sanitation facilities were surveyed; 10 sample schools were surveyed by field observation, questionnaire survey, field interview, water quality and intestinal parasitic disease monitoring. Results: A total of 81 rural schools in the county, the school is mostly self-contained water, there are more hidden dangers in the protection of water sources, disinfection facilities; self-provided water quality sampling pass rate of 30%, seven schools seriously exceeded the standard water quality test indicators ; Excrement can not achieve the requirements of harmless treatment; the school needs a full-time or part-time health teacher (school doctor); students’ health behaviors need to be improved. Conclusion: The construction of water and sanitation facilities in rural schools in Changshan County lags behind that of other educational facilities. Strengthening basic sanitation facilities and environmental sanitation facilities in rural schools, especially in rural primary schools, is imperative.