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目的了解深圳市福田区2012年小学入学新生预防接种状况,完善预防接种证查验工作。方法 2012年11月选择辖区650名当年需补种疫苗的小学入学新生监护人进行问卷调查,查阅这些学生的接种记录,并对所属10所小学的预防接种证查验情况进行调查。结果福田区2012年小学入学新生监护人对预防接种证查验认知情况较好,入学新生持证率公立小学99.11%(1 335/1 347)与民办小学97.57%(1 046/1 072)差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.091,P<0.01),入学新生查验率公立小学95.32%(1 284/1 347)与民办小学90.30%(968/1 072)差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.447,P<0.01),漏种学生比例公立小学23.76%(320/1 347)与民办小学30.78%(330/1 072)差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.001,P<0.01)。免疫规划疫苗漏种率由高到低依次为A+C群流脑疫苗、白破二联疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、甲肝疫苗、乙脑疫苗、麻疹疫苗。结论深圳市福田区2012年小学入学新生的监护人对预防接种证查验的认知情况较好,民办小学的查验证工作亟待加强,今后要重视大龄儿童的疫苗加强免疫及查漏补种工作。
Objective To understand the status of vaccination for primary freshmen in Futian District, Shenzhen in 2012 and improve the examination of vaccination certificates. Methods In November 2012, a total of 650 guardians of primary school freshmen who needed to be vaccinated during the year were selected for questionnaire survey. The vaccination records of these students were checked and the vaccination certificate examination of 10 primary schools was conducted. Results In 2012, the guardians of primary freshmen admitted to Futian District had a better cognition on the examination of vaccination certificates. The difference between the rate of holders of freshmen in public primary schools 99.11% (1 335/1 347) in public primary schools and 97.57% (1046/1 072) in private primary schools Statistical significance (χ2 = 9.091, P <0.01). There was a significant difference in the check-up rate of freshmen between 95.32% (1 284/1 347) and 90.30% (968/1 072) in public primary schools (χ2 = 23.447, P <0.01). There was a significant difference between 23.76% (320/1 347) and 30.78% (330/1 072) in the proportion of missed students in public primary schools (χ2 = 15.001, P <0.01). Immunization planning vaccine leakage rates from high to low in turn for the A + C group meningitis vaccine, white broken two vaccines, polio vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, measles vaccine. Conclusions The guardians of primary school freshmen in Futian District of Shenzhen in 2012 are better cognizant of the vaccination certificate examination. The work of checking and verifying certificates in private primary schools needs to be strengthened urgently. In the future, attention should be paid to the vaccination and vaccination of older children.