目的:分析婴幼儿先天性心脏病外科治疗的临床特点。方法:总结本院2003年1月～2007年8月实施的婴幼儿先天性心脏病手术1216例的外科治疗情况。年龄6天～3岁,平均13.6个月;体重2.2～18.0kg,平均8.8kg。1193例在全麻低温体外循环下行心脏畸形纠正术,83例采用低温低流量体外循环,620例术中采用超滤技术。结果:围手术期死亡17例,占1.3%;死亡原因:低心排血综合征10例、肺动脉高压危象4例、肺部感染3例。结论:提高手术和体外循环水平,术后预防和治疗低心排血综合征和呼吸系统并发症是婴幼儿心脏手术成功的关键。 Objective: To analyze the clinical features of surgical treatment of congenital heart disease in infants and young children. Methods: To summarize the surgical treatment of 1216 cases of infantile congenital heart disease in our hospital from January 2003 to August 2007. Age 6 days to 3 years old, an average of 13.6 months; weight 2.2 ~ 18.0kg, an average of 8.8kg. 1193 cases of cardiac deformity correction under general anesthesia hypothermia cardiopulmonary bypass, 83 cases of low temperature and low flow cardiopulmonary bypass, 620 cases of surgery using ultrafiltration. Results: Perioperative deaths in 17 cases, accounting for 1.3%; cause of death: 10 cases of low cardiac output syndrome, 4 cases of pulmonary hypertension crisis, 3 cases of pulmonary infection. CONCLUSIONS: Improving the level of surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass and prevention and treatment of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome and respiratory complications are the key to successful cardiac surgery in infants.