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棉蚜(Aphis gossypu Glover)是我国北方棉区的主要害虫。自1953年开始使用有机磷杀虫剂对硫磷和1059等防治棉蚜以来,田间喷雾浓度和使用次数逐年增大,棉蚜产生的抗性。80年代使用高效拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂溴氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯等,三年后棉蚜抗性增长了171倍,有些地区达3230倍。此文报道棉蚜的抗性机制的研究结果,证实了棉蚜抗性与杀虫剂穿透能力降低、多功能氧化酶、α-乙酸萘酯酶和α-乙酸萘酯羧酸酶的活力增加、乙酰胆碱酯酶对杀虫剂敏感性的降低有关。在这基础上进行增效剂SV_1对多种有机磷和拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的增效试验,得出SV_1对防治抗性棉蚜有明显的增效作用,能延缓抗性的发展。并研究了杀虫剂抗性的防治策略及综合治理措施,为防治棉蚜抗性和延缓抗性发展取得了较好的效果。
Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypu Glover) is the main pest in northern cotton area in China. Since 1953, the organophosphate insecticides parathion and 1059 have been used to control cotton aphid, the concentration and frequency of field spraying have been increasing year by year, and the resistance of cotton aphid has been raised. In the 1980s, high-performance pyrethroid insecticides such as deltamethrin and fenvalerate were used. After three years, cotton aphid resistance increased by 171-fold and in some areas by 3230-fold. This paper reports the results of the study on the resistance mechanism of cotton aphid, confirming the resistance of cotton aphid and the penetration of insecticides, the activities of multifunctional oxidase, α-naphthyl acetate esterase and α-naphthyl acetate carboxylase Increased, acetylcholinesterase insecticide sensitivity decreased. On this basis, the effect of synergist SV_1 on various organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides was tested. It was concluded that SV_1 had a synergistic effect on the control of resistant cotton aphid and delayed the development of resistance. And studied the control strategies and comprehensive control measures of pesticide resistance, and achieved good results for the control of cotton aphid resistance and delayed the development of resistance.