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沙门菌是一种侵袭性胞内菌,利用其侵袭性,可将其减毒后改造为疫苗载体,携带异源抗原基因到细胞内,表达相应的异源抗原,从而引发免疫保护反应。然而成功研制沙门菌载体疫苗必需解决一些关键问题,包括:选择合适的保护性异源抗原和表达载体,确定抗原在载体内的表达方式(即体细胞内膜结合型或分泌型表达)和宿主细胞内的定位(内体或细胞质)等。针对上述问题,从筛选适当的沙门菌载体菌株、确定最优启动子、增强质粒稳定性、抗原表达后准确定位、提高抗原的免疫原性和优化疫苗接种制度六个方面,讨论近年来改善减毒沙门菌载体疫苗的研究策略。
Salmonella is an invasive intracellular bacteria, the use of its invasive, it can be transformed into a vaccine vector after attenuated, carrying heterologous antigen genes into the cell, expressing the corresponding heterologous antigen, resulting in immune protection response. However, the successful development of Salmonella carrier vaccine must solve some of the key issues, including the selection of suitable protective heterologous antigen and expression vector to determine the expression of the antigen in the vector (ie somatic endomembrane-associated or secretory expression) and the host Intracellular localization (endosome or cytoplasm) and so on. In view of the above problems, from screening the appropriate Salmonella carrier strains, to determine the optimal promoter, enhance plasmid stability, accurate positioning of antigen expression, improve the antigenicity of the immunogen and optimize the vaccination system in six aspects, to discuss the improvement in recent years Research Strategy of Salmonella Enterica Vector Vaccine.